Steel Guitar Strings
Strings & instruction for lap steel, Hawaiian & pedal steel guitars
http://SteelGuitarShopper.com
Ray Price Shuffles
Classic country shuffle styles for Band-in-a-Box, by BIAB guru Jim Baron.
http://steelguitarmusic.com

This Forum is CLOSED.
Go to bb.steelguitarforum.com to read and post new messages.


  The Steel Guitar Forum
  Computers
  What do I need ?

Post New Topic  
your profile | join | preferences | help | search

next newest topic | next oldest topic
Author Topic:   What do I need ?
KENNY FORBESS
Member

From: peckerwood point, w. tn.

posted 20 March 2001 10:23 AM     profile     
Will someone please tell me what all I need to transfer my rccords and tapes to CD ?
I have a hp cd-writer,
do I just need a soundblaster or something like that to go in the computer ?
I plan on hooking a turntable and tape deck to a rack mount Pioneer stereo amp.
do the outputs from the amp go into the computer or to the soundblaster ??
I know something simular to this has been discussed here but I'm still not clear about it.
Thanks for your help,
Kenny
David Pennybaker
Member

From: Conroe, TX USA

posted 20 March 2001 11:38 AM     profile     
Presumably your computer already has some sort of sound card in it (it may be part of your motherboard). A SoundBlaster is just one particular brand of soundcard. You don't need it specifically. Check to make sure you have a Line-In jack somewhere on your computer. Usually on the back by the printer port somewhere -- but occasionally on the front with other inputs.

You've got the HP CD-writer, so I'll assume it comes with some sort of software for making CD's. Usually this is Adaptec EZCD Creator. If you don't have some sort of software for the burner, you'll need it. What you need is a program that can copy a bunch of .wav files and burn them into an AUDIO format CD. You do NOT want to burn them as .wav DATA files.

You'll also need some sort of program for recording the sound coming from your records and tapes (CD's can be "ripped" with a different type of software). There are several programs that can do this -- the one I've used is CoolEdit.

------------------
The Unofficial Photographer of The Wilkinsons


Greg Cutshaw
Member

From: Corry, PA, USA

posted 20 March 2001 12:37 PM     profile     
I have made about 120 CD's from the setup described below and the results have been good enough for me to say I can't tell the CD from the original LP. I have been selling my father's record collection on ebay and burning to CD's those songs I want to keep. He has about 250 steel albums, 2100 45's and the rest are guitar, fiddle and country so I have been very selective about recording only the best stuff. All sound fabulous on CD to me.

I have a Dual turntable fed into the phono input of a Technics Amp. The line level tape output (TAPE PLAY OUT, 2 RCA phono jacks) is wired to a homebrew box that simply combines the 2 phono line level jacks from the Technics amp into an 1/8" stereo phone plug that is plugged into the sound card. Both input commons are tied together and form the common 1/8" plug input while the two "tip" connectors from the phono plugs feed to the middle and tip connectors on the 1/8" plug.

My sound card has three jacks: a mic input that can be configured as stereo or mono, a line output for feeding the PC speakers and a line level auxiliary input which is what I use as an input to record with. My card is a Soundblaster compatible so I think it's fairly typical of what's available. The electronics on this card are I'm sure, run of the mill, but the resulting sound is great from the tight bass sounds to the screeching high steel parts.

I use the Adaptec Easy CD creator ($80 package a year ago) and record the LP to hard drive using the "Audio CD" option. I don't use any filters because I have found that they do eliminate pops somewhat at the expense of frequency response and dynamics. Once I have compiled about 70 minutes of music (around 700 MB) I burn a CD using the "Create CD" option at 4x speed and "disk at once". I turn off all other programs but I still get about one CD in 10 that ends in buffer underruns (a fatal error) but at $.40 a CD who cares? Wallmart has CD/r's, a 50 pack, Memorex, for only $18.99. I only use so called "data" CD/r's. They play everywhere except in my RCA DVD player. I have bought some MEMEX brand and a lot more of those seemed to fail. Unfortunately I haven;t had a lot of luck getting the Adaptek program to split tracks correctly so I record the songs one at a time. I did record a few sides in one lump but found I always wanted to skips certain songs on playback, depending on my mood, so it's much more usable to have one CD track per song. If I wasn't just slecting an LP track here or there, I would certainly get a program that would let me record a whole LP side and then use my own judgement to split the tracks. Well worth your time if you intend to record whole LP's.

Sam's has a label kit that includes labeling software, 150!!! CD labels, 10 jewel case inserts, a CD label applicator and a few other labels for $19.99 right now. I have also used the Avery labels and software which are more expensive , with good results. Sometimes if in a hurry, I'll put a generic looking label together or if it's important I'll scan the album in or get pic's off the net to make a nice label. I started using all jewel cases but quickly caved in an am now storing the CD's in Cd containers of 22 each.

You can email me if you want more details. I have a lot of the Bear CD sets. Their's do sound a little cleaner as far as not having an occasional click or pop but they don't always have the original mix that I am recording from LP's. Overall I would prefer to own my CD's except for the nice booklets that come with their set.

It's a lot of work but I guess I'm in too deep to stop now. This is the first time I have been able to play all this great music anywhere I'm at.

Greg

[This message was edited by Greg Cutshaw on 20 March 2001 at 12:43 PM.]

Jack Stoner
Sysop

From: Inverness, Florida

posted 20 March 2001 05:24 PM     profile     
Greg, I use the Adaptec software too and haven't had any luck with the program automatically separating songs. I find I have to just "record" each song individually and then burn the CD. One difference, I use track at a time as this will put a 2 sec space between songs, where disk at once will not do that.

The Adaptec software seems to be the most user friendly and popular of the CD software suites.

I've found any of the noise reduction/pop eliminator software tends to cut down on the fidelity of the recording. Although I have some "pop/noise" reduction s/w I don't use it. One thing I did, was to tape all my old 78's using my Tascam 424 MKII with the DBX turned on and through the built in mixer board EQ and that seems to have helped the s/n ratio on the old 78's.

Bobby Lee
Sysop

From: Cloverdale, North California, USA

posted 20 March 2001 05:31 PM     profile     
There are consumer hi-fi CDR burners that just hook into your stereo like a CD deck. They are made to do exactly what you describe - transfer records and tapes to CD. They even sense the gap between tracks so that each song becomes a separate track on the CD. It's a lot easier than doing one song at a time on a computer.

Mrs. Lee and I have a huge collection of LPs and cassettes. She has a lot of tapes that she made of her favorite songs. Now her car has a CD but no tape drive, so she's been after me to figure out a way to save her music to CD.

Today I ordered a Philips CDR775 Dual Tray recorder from AMS. Total cost with shipping was $435, and they are billing my credit card in 3 monthly payments so it's pretty painless financing. They are shipping it tomorrow via 2 day UPS so I should have it by Friday.

I think this will solve our problem. We will finally be able to retire our record collection to storage and trash the homemade tapes. I'll post a report here after I've used it for a while, but I'm very optimistic at this point.

------------------
Bobby Lee - email: quasar@b0b.com - gigs - CDs
Sierra Session 12 (E9), Williams 400X (E9, D6), Sierra Olympic 12 (F Diatonic)
Sierra Laptop 8 (D13), Fender Stringmaster (E13, A6)

KENNY FORBESS
Member

From: peckerwood point, w. tn.

posted 20 March 2001 09:04 PM     profile     
Thanks all you guys for the help,
i'll study through this and see what option will be the least problem for me to understand,and get the best results.
B0b, that sounds like a quick, sure way of doing it, even "I" can understand it,
Thanks,
Kenny
Fred Murphy
Member

From: Indianapolis, In. USA

posted 21 March 2001 06:33 AM     profile     
I have posted this before, but I'll post it again. I use Music Match Jukebox (19.95) downloadable for the net. It is very simple to use. You just select the source to be recorded, either line in for tape or record player, or Cd, for the CDs and press record. When you want to burn songs back to a CD, all you do is highlight the songs you wish to burn,(about 18) to a CD, and click record. You don't have to worry about any timing or spacing. They will come out perfect. It also lets you print out a CD cover and title listing with just a click. When burning CDs back, you cannot have anything else running,(screen saver) or other programs that might come on, and you cannot move the mouse while burning back, or you will get a skip in you recording playback. It is simple, quick, and cheap, just like me
Greg Cutshaw
Member

From: Corry, PA, USA

posted 21 March 2001 07:16 AM     profile     
Bob, my Dad has (had) the CDR775. We both tried it and it does work well. However it does force you to buy Music CD/r's which are more expensive. My son makes MP3's a lot so i invested in the CD/R. Dad does not have a computer. We decided to return the CDR775 because it does not support HDCD. A lot of the Cd's, even some of the lesser named ones we bought at bluegrass festivals, are recorded in HDCD, a higher bit resolution format that is supposed to copy the harmonic content of the original recordings more closely thus having a warmer sound. According to testimonials I've read, this is not a sublte audiophile effect, but a really noticeable one. The 775 will copy HDCD disks as HDCD, according to Philips, but will NOT play them back using all the bits and will not record in HDCD format. Harmon Kardon has a $600 deck that has full HDCD support and since that's a Crutchfield price i assume a better price can be had. Soon I expect the whole industry to offer only HDCD decks even in the low end.

See http://www.hdcd.com/ for more info on HDCD.

See here: http://www.hdcd.com/recordings/recordingsi.htm

for a list of many current HDCD releases including Eddy Arnold, Asleep at the Wheel, and over 9 pages of country related stuff! Got to have HDCD!


Greg

[This message was edited by Greg Cutshaw on 21 March 2001 at 07:20 AM.]

David Pennybaker
Member

From: Conroe, TX USA

posted 21 March 2001 07:17 AM     profile     
Bob,

A comment about those stereo-system-based CD-R-writers you mentioned. (And please correct me if I'm off-base on this -- I don't own one, but have read about them).

I thought that these units require you to use so-called Music Audio CD-R's (not sure of the exact terminology), which are more expensive than plain ol' data CD-R's that you can use to make audio CD's on a computer-based system.

Normal CD-R's are down to around 50 cents apiece -- and I thought the Audio CD-R's are more like a couple of dollars. I believe the only real difference between them is that they have a royalty built-in to the price, to compensate artists, etc. for the copying. And, obviously, they have some sort of data on them that tells the stand-alone home-stereo burners that they are the proper type of disk.

The convenience of copying directly from a home stereo system to these systems might very well make it worth the extra cost to a lot of people. But it is a point worth mentioning, IMO.

Again, please correct me if I'm wrong on this.

------------------
The Unofficial Photographer of The Wilkinsons


Greg Cutshaw
Member

From: Corry, PA, USA

posted 21 March 2001 07:48 AM     profile     
The cheapest price other than mail order for both Music and Data CD/r's I could find in my area was at Wallmart. In packs of 50, the Data one's are $18.99 or $0.38 apiece. The Music Cd/r's come out to about $.85 apiece, pretty reasonable, but I don't remember the quantity.

Another option, possibly, would be to keep the Philips 775 because it will do digital disk to disk HDCD copies, then buy an HDCD compatible receiver such as the new Kenwood VR series and pipe the fiber from the 775 into the Kenwood and you can at least PLAY back in HDCD. You still would not be able to create HDCD disks from LP's, however.

Greg

Fred Murphy
Member

From: Indianapolis, In. USA

posted 21 March 2001 01:44 PM     profile     
I think what you are talking about on the HDCD format is the 5 position DVD format like theaters use. This will be the future of all CDs, but you would have to have a player and speakers that will give you the surround sound, otherwise you will get no benefit from it. Some of the new expensive Autos are coming out with it soon, if not already, but none of the older ones have it. If I were younger I might be concerned about this, but at my age I have no intention of buying a remix of all of my older CDs, and very few country artists are recording this way yet to my knowledge.
Bobby Lee
Sysop

From: Cloverdale, North California, USA

posted 21 March 2001 05:50 PM     profile     
I'm sure that I don't need HDCD to make copies of my old records and cassette tapes. I expect that the Phillips CDR775 will work fine for that, and it's already at the high end of what I'm willing to pay.

The higher price of "music" CDRs was initially what kept me from getting one of these things, but now they're well below the price of good cassettes so what does it matter? I'm certainly willing to pay a dollar for media if it saves me the hassle of recording all of those songs one-by-one to the hard disk in my computer.

------------------
Bobby Lee - email: quasar@b0b.com - gigs - CDs
Sierra Session 12 (E9), Williams 400X (E9, D6), Sierra Olympic 12 (F Diatonic)
Sierra Laptop 8 (D13), Fender Stringmaster (E13, A6)

David Pennybaker
Member

From: Conroe, TX USA

posted 21 March 2001 07:08 PM     profile     
quote:
I'm certainly willing to pay a dollar for media if it saves me the hassle of recording all of those songs one-by-one to the hard disk in my computer.

Yeah, if they've gotten that cheap, I agree. Amazing how prices fall.

------------------
The Unofficial Photographer of The Wilkinsons


Greg Cutshaw
Member

From: Corry, PA, USA

posted 22 March 2001 06:51 AM     profile     
The Harmon Kardon (Sp?) deck offers full HDCD support and is alread down to $510 at Vanns in Minnesota.

The HDCD format has nothing to do with the 5 channel (actually 5.1 = 6 channel Dolby Digital) format. It is being used even on re-releases of older artists like Eddy Arnold and newer ones like Asleep at the Wheel (see the list at the link above, there are a huge number of country Cd's available in this format). The chips are now readily available and soon will be in all Cd players/recorders. We are just at a time when the manufacturers are changing over. HDCD merely involves recording and playing back the music with a higher bit resolution, 20 versus 16 to give a more faithful representation of the original. This will work with your existing amp and speakers (2 of them) and is not some exotic format enhancement but actually a straight forward upgrade to the quality if the sound.

**** quotes from HDCD.com: *********


Over 2,000 HDCD recordings have been made by leading mastering studios around the world. More than 150 HDCD recordings have appeared on the Billboard Top 200 chart, and over 80 HDCD recordings have been nominated for Grammy® Awards.(View a list of the HDCD Grammy nominees in 1998, 1999, and 2000).

"Everything everybody was complaining about digital, HDCD cures." -- The New York Times

HDCD encoded CDs sound better because they are encoded with 20-bits of real musical information, as compared to 16-bitsfor all other CDs. HDCD overcomes the limitation of the 16-bit CD format by using a sophisticated system to encode the additional four bits onto the CD while remaining completely compatible with the existing CD format. HDCD provides more dynamic range, a more focused 3-D soundstage, and extremely natural vocal and musical timbre. With HDCD, you get the body, depth and emotion of the original performance -- not a flat, digital imitation.

"With HDCD, digital officially races ahead of analog in a way anyone can hear, not just golden-eared audiophiles." -- Rolling Stone Magazine

HDCD recordings will always sound better than conventional CDs when played on any CD player. You will hear fuller, richer sound on all types of players, from portables to high-end systems. This is why so many top artists and engineers use HDCD. To bring out the full bandwidth and superb fidelity of HDCD recordings, a player with HDCD decoding should be used. You will be amazed by the dynamic range and resolution produced by decoded HDCD recordings.

"...HDCD is a significant advancement in digital audio sound quality." -- Fi Magazine

Pacific Microsonics' PMD-100 audio chip, which includes HDCD decoding and HDCD filtering, is a world wide standard in high fidelity audio systems with over 100 models of HDCD equipped players now available from leading consumer electronics companies like Denon, Harman Kardon, Rotel, and Toshiba. Recently, leading audio chip manufacturers, including Analog Devices, Burr Brown, Motorola, Sanyo, and Zoran licensed the same HDCD technology used in the PMD-100 todevelop HDCD chips for the general audio market. These new chips will be used in a wide range of playback products such as DVD players, A/V receivers, Mini-Component systems, MiniDisc players, and CD players, changers and portables.

And, best of all, the HDCD decoder chip used in consumer products also contains the HDCD high precision digital filter which improves the sound quality of all types of digital audio recordings. This means that any A/V receiver, CD player, DVD player and Mini Discplayer equipped with HDCD will produce significantly better sound from your entire collection of CDs, DVDs and MDs.


**************** END OF QUOTES **************

Country Artists??? The following have HDCD releases now (partial list):

Trace Adkins, Alabama,John anderson, Eddy Arnold,Asleep at the Wheel, Chet Atkins, Suzy Bogguss, BR-549, Brooks and Dunn, Sawyer Brown, Jethro Burns, Deanna Carter, Johnny Cash, Kenny Chesney, Mark Chestnut, terri Clark, David Alan Coe, The Derailers, Joe Diffe, Dixie Chicks, Ty England, Janie Fricke, Vince Gill, Joe Goldmark, Merle Haggard etc etc etc. I am tired of typing the names but HDCD is not exotic, it is here now. Non- HDHD players are being dumped on the market at lower prices to make way for the HDCD ones.

Update: until 3/31, vanns.com has the H/K CDR 30 for $479.99 and the Philips CDR775 for $359.99.


Greg

[This message was edited by Greg Cutshaw on 22 March 2001 at 06:55 AM.]

[This message was edited by Greg Cutshaw on 22 March 2001 at 07:16 AM.]

[This message was edited by Greg Cutshaw on 23 March 2001 at 10:53 AM.]

Bobby Lee
Sysop

From: Cloverdale, North California, USA

posted 28 March 2001 03:41 PM     profile     
The difference between 16 bit audio and 20 bit audio is the difference between 65,536 audio levels and 1,048,576 levels. In otherwords, for each notch in a 16 bit system there are 16 notches in the 20 bit system.

Greater dynamic range? Not really. The floor and the ceiling haven't moved, there's just finer gradations between them.

I find it hard to believe that increasing the bit depth would make an audible difference. Can speakers be positioned that accurately at 44 KHz? I sort of doubt it. It all gets averaged together because of the slew rate of that moving paper cone.

------------------
Bobby Lee - email: quasar@b0b.com - gigs - CDs
Sierra Session 12 (E9), Williams 400X (E9, D6), Sierra Olympic 12 (F Diatonic)
Sierra Laptop 8 (D13), Fender Stringmaster (E13, A6)

Bill Llewellyn
Member

From: San Jose, CA

posted 28 March 2001 07:25 PM     profile     
A 16 bit system has about 96dB between its softest and loudest recordable sound level (dymamic range) and a 20 bit system has about 120dB between these same two points. In most listening environments you couldn't tell the difference because ambient sound is seldom below 40dB SPL (sound pressure level), and even 40dB + 96dB SPL would be so loud it would pop your eyeballs (that's the case where you turn the volume up so the softest sound is audible, but unfortunately that also makes the loudest sound like standing near a jet engine at take off thrust.

20 bits may sound cleaner than 16, I dunno. What I do know is that MP3 files, which are compressed with a lossy algorithm (which sacrafices sound quality for smaller file size) can be significantly worse sounding than pure uncompressed 16-bit tracks from CDs, and I seldom hear anybody make note of that. So going to 20 bits (16 times the resolution, as b0b stated) may not be all that noticable or of real consequence to many consumers. Just a thought.....

------------------
Bill (steel player impersonator) | MSA Classic U12 | Email | My online music | Forum birthdays

Greg Cutshaw
Member

From: Corry, PA, USA

posted 29 March 2001 06:35 AM     profile     
With a huge number of Country artists recoding in HDCD and indeed the whole CD industry is headed that way and judging by the reviews from music industry and engineers above, I have to believe there is an audible difference, regardless of whether or not we can explain it. I will know soon because our H/K deck with HDCD is arriving on 4/2/01 and I can compare that with our other Cd players and the Phillips 775 that we returned. We tried 4 different CD'r decks and the Philips was by far the easiest to use and had the best features, ignoring HDCD.

The HDCD equipped players do have much sharper digital filters that would improve playback of ALL material. The HDCD format is supposed to recreate the harmonic content of the original signal more closely. Certainly 20 bits can achieve a closer approximation of an analog signal than 16 can, assuming that the extra bits are used to achieve finer resolution. Along this line, I think that since the 16 and 20 bit systems are compatible, that Bob's explanation of 16 additional low order bit levels being available is the most correct versus the view that higher and lower levels of sounds (more dynamic range) is being provided. This supports the view that finer graduations of levels are being recorded. I certainly think that most CD's lack the warmth of the LP's and most people that have listened to HDCD think this problem is now solved.

Anyway this is a new technology for CD's and you guys didn't seem to be aware of it although it is growing fast and I just wanted to share the above information with you in case you wanted to investigate it further as it may affect what type of system you would buy.

Greg

David Pennybaker
Member

From: Conroe, TX USA

posted 29 March 2001 07:52 AM     profile     
quote:
Certainly 20 bits can achieve a closer approximation of an analog signal than 16 can, assuming that the extra bits are used to achieve finer resolution.

I would think that using a higher FREQUENCY during recording (like 88.2 khz instead of 44.1) would make a lot more difference than going from 16 to 20 bits.

As an example, imagine recording a 22.05 kHz sine wave (which some people can probably hear -- it's right on the threshhold). If you sample at 44.1 kHz, the resulting digital file is highly dependent on exactly when you're doing the sampling (the phase of recording vs. the phase of the sine wave, if you will).

You could end up recording anything between just the absolute maximum and minumums of the wave, or just values of 0.

------------------
The Unofficial Photographer of The Wilkinsons


Bill Crook
Member

From: Goodlettsville, TN , Spending my kid's inheritance

posted 31 March 2001 07:22 PM     profile     
David ...

Bear in mind here tho, that the higher sampling rate WILL make for a considerable larger sound file. I may get flamed here by others but, I have found the 44 K rate is good enought for general usage.

As for the "Audio" CD disk vs the "data" CD disk... It's really the same disk. All your paying for is the Music Industries demand for royaltys because they want to keep on getting the mega-bucks they are STEALING from us. Due to (in general)the fact that we,the consumer, not understanding how Cdr's are handled by the computer, the myth that "Audio CD's" are different, is another POS pushed upon the un-suspecting public by them. If a song hits my radio, tape player,computer, etc,etc and I want it, IT'S MINE, I will get it.

[This message was edited by Bill Crook on 31 March 2001 at 07:39 PM.]

Bobby Lee
Sysop

From: Cloverdale, North California, USA

posted 31 March 2001 09:33 PM     profile     
By the way, I've received and installed my Philips CDR-775 and I really like it. I've made some CDs from LPs, cassettes, CDs, and mixtures of the three. I don't have audiophile level equipment, so I can't say anything about the sound quality other than that it sounds as good as anything else I've ever connected to my stereo system.

It's really easy to use. My only disappoinment is that it doesn't sense the gap between songs on LPs and cassettes. I think it's probably because it isn't true "silence" there. You can, however, advance the track while recording by pressing a button on the remote. So I listen, and when a song ends I push the button.

I bought a box of 25 Digital Audio CDR disks for 20 bucks - way cheaper than cassettes. They come in thinline jewel cases. It says not to put labels on them. Is that just BS?

------------------
Bobby Lee - email: quasar@b0b.com - gigs - CDs
Sierra Session 12 (E9), Williams 400X (E9, D6), Sierra Olympic 12 (F Diatonic)
Sierra Laptop 8 (D13), Fender Stringmaster (E13, A6)

Greg Cutshaw
Member

From: Corry, PA, USA

posted 02 April 2001 12:09 PM     profile     
Bob, glad you like the 775, it is a great machine. I have used labels on both the Music and Data CD/r's with no problems. I have used Memex and Memorex CD/r brands and the labels I made up have been any where from black to yellow background and printed on my ink jet printer. Have played these in the house and the car with no ill effects.

Greg

Greg Cutshaw
Member

From: Corry, PA, USA

posted 03 April 2001 09:00 AM     profile     
The Harmon Kardon came in yesterday and I got a chance to try it out for a few hours. Like the 775, the controls and layout are great. On all CD's the bass is a lot tighter, not at all boomy, even with our modest stereo setup. Maybe this is due to the digital filters. It copies and plays HDCD encoded Cd's and a light comes on to tell you that a CD is HDCD encoded when playing back. Both this and the 775 make perfect copies. I didn't notice any difference in warmth but there is a difference in the highs. For example, on many CD's there is a lot of high frequency hash from the cymbals and you could say this just excellent frequency repsonse but to my ears it sounds like noise. On the CD30 all the highs are clear and the highs are not shrill even when you crank the treble and presence up. I'm not saying this difference is important to the average listener but it's very pronounced for example on Vince Gill's latest CD (HDCH encoded). So far the H/K seems to be missing one feature that the Philips 775 had and that's the ability to delete a track from the table of contents before finalizing the CD. It may be there but I can't find any reference to it in the manual. Oh yeh, it can't separate on LP's any better than the 775 or Adaptec. Overall, I am very happy with the results obtain from either the Philips, H/K or the computer in terms of sound.

Greg

All times are Pacific (US)

next newest topic | next oldest topic

Administrative Options: Close Topic | Archive/Move | Delete Topic
Post New Topic  
Hop to:

Contact Us | The Pedal Steel Pages

Note: Messages not explicitly copyrighted are in the Public Domain.

Powered by Infopop www.infopop.com © 2000
Ultimate Bulletin Board 5.46

Wizcrafts Computer Services