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  Tuning the Whole Band to A=442 Hz

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Author Topic:   Tuning the Whole Band to A=442 Hz
Bobby Lee
Sysop

From: Cloverdale, North California, USA

posted 27 September 2005 10:24 AM     profile     
The bandleader is urging me to start bringing my new Yamaha YM-40 marimba to gigs. Problem is, it's tuned to A=442. The guitar players in the band have no problem retuning upward but I'm worried about my pedal steel.

Have any of you ever tuned to A=442 instead of A=440 as the base reference? I'm not talking about JI vs ET here - I'm talking about raising every note on the guitar by about 8 cents.

Will I have to retune the pedals and levers? Should I expect string breakage? Should I consider going to lighter gauges?

------------------
Bobby Lee (a.k.a. b0b) - email: quasar@b0b.com - gigs - CDs, Open Hearts
Williams D-12 E9, C6add9, Sierra Olympic S-12 (F Diatonic)
Sierra Laptop S-8 (E6add9), Fender Stringmaster D-8 (E13, C6 or A6)   My Blog

Donny Hinson
Member

From: Balto., Md. U.S.A.

posted 27 September 2005 10:52 AM     profile     
No, you won't have to retune the pedals.

No, you won't experience any additional string breakage (that 2hz is an increase of less than 1/2%).

No, you won't need lighter guages, due to the above.

Michael Garnett
Member

From: Fort Worth, TX

posted 27 September 2005 11:03 AM     profile     
I'd at least check the pulls. Like Donny said, 2hz isn't a whole lot, but there's a chance that at the higher string tension, your raises would be a little flat and your lowers a little sharp. Somebody wanna check my math, my steel's up at school right now.

-MG

Bobby Lee
Sysop

From: Cloverdale, North California, USA

posted 27 September 2005 11:15 AM     profile     
quote:
that 2hz is an increase of less than 1/2%
1/2% of what?
John Daugherty
Member

From: Rolla, Missouri, USA

posted 27 September 2005 11:21 AM     profile     
Bob, according to the literature, the YM-40 has a pitch control. I assume it will not tune far enough to to get it to 440.
Chick Donner
Member

From: North Ridgeville, OH USA

posted 27 September 2005 11:41 AM     profile     
I've tuned to 442 for years . . . no problems that I can see (hear).
Lee Baucum
Member

From: McAllen, Texas (Extreme South) - The Final Frontier

posted 27 September 2005 11:45 AM     profile     
I thought John was joking, but he wasn't. According to Yamaha:

Resonator tracking system - 2-position
Allows two resonator height settings for pitch and tone control in varying climate conditions.


Lee

Bobby Lee
Sysop

From: Cloverdale, North California, USA

posted 27 September 2005 12:12 PM     profile     
That pitch control is to help keep the resonators in tune with the bars. You use one level for below 72 degrees, the other for above 72 degrees. The difference is very subtle (I can't hear it).
Olli Haavisto
Member

From: Jarvenpaa,Finland

posted 27 September 2005 01:40 PM     profile     
I tune to 440 or 442 in different band and session situations . No problems.

------------------
Olli Haavisto,
Finland


Larry Bell
Member

From: Englewood, Florida

posted 27 September 2005 01:50 PM     profile     
(oh gawd, am I jumping into another TUNING THREAD????)

There's a difference between the STEEL PLAYER tuning to 441 or 442 when the BAND tunes 440 and the whole thing shifted to 442. If the steel player has decided to shift his/her tuning a Hz or two north of concert and then the WHOLE BAND is tuning a couple more Hz sharp, he/she will end up 16 cents sharp. That's 16% of the way up to F.

I seem to recall that b0b does this -- could be wrong. In any case it's more than just 8 cents sharp if, as many steel players, you tune your E's to A=441 or 442.

And I'll wager that yes, you will have to retune some or most of the pedal changes. (but I won't wager MUCH)

String breakage? I doubt it, but I woudn't bet much on that one either.

------------------
Larry Bell - email: larry@larrybell.org - gigs - Home Page
2003 Fessenden S/D-12 8x8, 1969 Emmons S/D-12 6x6, 1984 Sho-Bud S/D-12 7x6, 1971 Dobro, Standel and Peavey Amps


Michael Garnett
Member

From: Fort Worth, TX

posted 27 September 2005 02:24 PM     profile     
Eric West to set us all straight in 5, 4, 3, 2, 1.....
Lee Baucum
Member

From: McAllen, Texas (Extreme South) - The Final Frontier

posted 27 September 2005 02:37 PM     profile     
There's got to be a valid reason why this instrument is tuned sharp. Are they all tuned that way? Perhaps a call to the music department of a university would shed some light on this. Maybe marimbas just sound better if they're tuned a tad sharp of everybody else.
Bobby Lee
Sysop

From: Cloverdale, North California, USA

posted 27 September 2005 02:45 PM     profile     
I've heard that most modern orchestras tune to A=442 Hz nowadays.
Franklin
Member

From:

posted 27 September 2005 04:31 PM     profile     
Bob,

Steve Gibson just informed us that the piano for this years CMA will be tuned to 442. The NY rental tuners refuse to take it down to 440. Its more common than you might realise for concert pianos.
Your steel should handle it without having to change anything.

Paul

Archie Nicol
Member

From: Ayrshire, Scotland

posted 27 September 2005 04:37 PM     profile     
Put your marimba in the fridge...or is it the oven?

------------------
One of those steel guitar thingies and an amp.

basilh
Member

From: United Kingdom

posted 27 September 2005 05:40 PM     profile     
The Radio Telfis Eirean Concert Orchestra always tuned to 442, consequently the pianos in most of the Dublin studios were also..
For 30 years I played sessions at 442 ( a few hunderd albums and over a thousand singles) and never had a problem (Except my from own limitations)
Basil

------------------

quote:
Steel players do it without fretting

Bobby Boggs
Member

From: Pendleton SC

posted 27 September 2005 06:42 PM     profile     
I have to tune 442, or about 10 cents sharp for one gig I play. No problems with string breakage.You may have to touch up the changer.No big deal at all. Just for kicks leave it that way for your next 440 gig. It may surprise you.I check my tuning against the band in the open E & A position.I get it as perfect as my ears will allow.To me. If it's not in tune in the open positions. It's not in tune..

[This message was edited by Bobby Boggs on 27 September 2005 at 06:48 PM.]

Bob Cox
Member

From: Portsmouth,Ohio USA

posted 27 September 2005 07:06 PM     profile     
Bob you might get you a frett board and use doublesided tape.slide 2cents sharp and don,t use open chords.
Donny Hinson
Member

From: Balto., Md. U.S.A.

posted 27 September 2005 07:48 PM     profile     
Sheesh!

Guys...I'm not blowing smoke here, I've done this! Bobby (and anyone else that's interested), adding 2hz to a 440hz tuning is a change of less than 1/2 of one percent, both in overall pitch and string tension. I don't know how I can make it any plainer than that. That's a small enough change to be insignificant, in my book. I've retuned that much (or more than that) many times (hundreds, probably), and have never had to retune my pedals.

edited: I just noticed your post..thanks Paul for your input. Maybe they'll believe you! (I ain't havin' too much luck here .)

[This message was edited by Donny Hinson on 27 September 2005 at 07:52 PM.]

Charlie McDonald
Member

From: Lubbock, Texas, USA

posted 28 September 2005 03:02 AM     profile     
I don't see it, Donny. 2 Hz is about 8 cents, and to a tuner that's 8% of a semi-tone. I don't know what it spells in string tension, as it would vary from guage to guage.
Concert pitch has varied from 438 to 442 in modern times, and European orchestras have, I think been at 442 for a while. Always something new to live with for steel players.
I had to lower a piano to 438 once; broke an agraffe (string retainer). Lots of tension involved in a piano; not much, I think, in a steel. But I'm betting the pedals and levers would have to be re-set.
Jack Stoner
Sysop

From: Inverness, Florida

posted 28 September 2005 03:08 AM     profile     
I tried the Jeff Newman 442.5 tuning once. There wasn't any string problem tuning up and I had to do some slight adjustment to all the pulls. But, the guitar just didn't sound right and I was constantly tuning, because it didn't sound right. I retuned it back to 440 and it's like everything just fell into place.
Pee Wee Rogers
Member

From: Lebanon, Tennessee, USA

posted 28 September 2005 06:17 AM     profile     
If you use the presets on Petersons V-SAM
you shouldn't have any problems.

There are presets for E9th and C6th.

They transfer the Hertz thing. And when the
bars stop rolling . . .you are in tune with NO BEATS.

Try it . .you'll like it. Pee Wee

Jack Stoner
Sysop

From: Inverness, Florida

posted 28 September 2005 06:47 AM     profile     
Pee Wee, I tried it and those settings, even if they were at 440, will not allow my Franklin to be in tune with itself. I had to program in my own settings.
Mike Perlowin
Member

From: Los Angeles CA

posted 28 September 2005 07:12 AM     profile     
What would be the advantage of tuning to 442 instead of 440?
David Doggett
Member

From: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

posted 28 September 2005 07:50 AM     profile     
According to my Boss TU12 meter, 1 Hz is about 4 cents, so 2 Hz would be about 8 cents. This is only true around A=440. For example, an octave lower, at 220 Hz, 1 Hz is about 8 cents. And an octave higher, at 880 Hz, 1 Hz is about 2 cents. At any rate, a change over all the strings of 8 cents will not cause noticeably more string breakage, unless you were already at the tipping point and breaking a lot of strings. 8 cents is noticeable, but just barely. My Zum's cabinet drop is about 8 cents. At the end of a gig, me and everybody in the band might be 8 cents off, from concert and each other, just from temperature changes. I doubt you will hear any difference in the pedal and knee stops, but a tuner might show some slight changes.

Larry has a point, that if you were already tuning your Es 2 Hz (8 cents) sharp to account for cabinet drop or stretch tuning (as I do), then to match the band's 442, you'd want to tune the Es to 444, which is 16 cents sharp of 440. However, it would still be only 8 cents sharp of the 442 you normally tuned the Es to. So again, it shouldn't cause anymore string breakage, or a noticeable change in the pedal and knee stops.

I think Donny inadvertently did the math backwards converting Hz to cents. It's not often I disagree with either Donny or Larry; but I guess I'm on a roll, and plan to take full advantage of it.

[This message was edited by David Doggett on 28 September 2005 at 07:51 AM.]

Bobby Lee
Sysop

From: Cloverdale, North California, USA

posted 28 September 2005 08:43 AM     profile     
quote:
Bobby (and anyone else that's interested), adding 2hz to a 440hz tuning is a change of less than 1/2 of one percent, both in overall pitch and string tension.
I don't know about the string tension, but your math for pitch isn't right. Yes, 2/440 is less than .5%, that's true. But 2 Hz is not a musical pitch. Apples and oranges.

Let's look at it this way: a quartertone above A 440 Hz would sound out of tune against the A, agreed? The frequency of that quartertone note (50 cents above A 440) is 453.67 Hz. The difference from 440 is 13.67 Hz.

By your method, Donny, a quartertone is only 3.1% out of tune (13.67/440). A quartertone is half a fret, by the way.

I think that we can probably get away with tuning 8 cents flat of the band. I can hear that much on open strings, but if I'm using the bar I might correct it without noticing.

So, Donny, I'm not disagreeing with your conclusion, only with your math. Ears are the ultimate judge of what's in tune. I believe that you have good ears!

------------------
Bobby Lee (a.k.a. b0b) - email: quasar@b0b.com - gigs - CDs, Open Hearts
Williams D-12 E9, C6add9, Sierra Olympic S-12 (F Diatonic)
Sierra Laptop S-8 (E6add9), Fender Stringmaster D-8 (E13, C6 or A6) My Blog

[This message was edited by Bobby Lee on 28 September 2005 at 11:17 AM.]

Larry Bell
Member

From: Englewood, Florida

posted 28 September 2005 09:14 AM     profile     
Since the cents scale is defined as 0.01 semitone, it IS a percentage. If you tune 8 cents sharp you are EIGHT PERCENT sharp. 16 is SIXTEEN PERCENT sharp.

------------------
Larry Bell - email: larry@larrybell.org - gigs - Home Page
2003 Fessenden S/D-12 8x8, 1969 Emmons S/D-12 6x6, 1984 Sho-Bud S/D-12 7x6, 1971 Dobro, Standel and Peavey Amps


Stephen Gregory
Member

From:

posted 28 September 2005 09:23 AM     profile     
Your no more out of tune with 440 then a Steel guitar @ J.I.
Bobby Boggs
Member

From: Pendleton SC

posted 28 September 2005 10:02 AM     profile     
No matter how you chose to tune.If the band is going to be 2 hz sharper? You need to tune everything 2 hz sharper.I agree with Larry Bell about 2 hz being 8 percent sharp.And if you can't hear that.I'm not sure you should be playing in public...Just my opinion........bb
Larry Hamilton
Member

From: Amarillo, Texas, USA

posted 28 September 2005 10:22 AM     profile     
I recently played a job where the whole band, steel, guitar, bass used my Peterson tuner set to the proper instrument on the tuner, and was in tune as a whole band even when the Keyboard was thrown in. The hard part was just trying them to use my tuner, but they were glad they did. Just ;my experience.

------------------
Keep pickin', Larry

John Cook
Member

From: Sarasota, Florida, USA

posted 28 September 2005 11:39 AM     profile     
Mr. Jernigan told me at a seminar that the pedal steel guitar is tuned to A=442. I said ok. jc
Larry Bell
Member

From: Englewood, Florida

posted 28 September 2005 01:52 PM     profile     
Yeah, what does he know?

------------------
Larry Bell - email: larry@larrybell.org - gigs - Home Page
2003 Fessenden S/D-12 8x8, 1969 Emmons S/D-12 6x6, 1984 Sho-Bud S/D-12 7x6, 1971 Dobro, Standel and Peavey Amps


Donny Hinson
Member

From: Balto., Md. U.S.A.

posted 28 September 2005 02:53 PM     profile     
quote:
Since the cents scale is defined as 0.01 semitone, it IS a percentage. If you tune 8 cents sharp you are EIGHT PERCENT sharp. 16 is SIXTEEN PERCENT sharp.

Well, I'm not going to argue over our different frames of reference because the percentages (whatever they be) really don't matter! Whether its 2%, 8% or even 16%, when everything (all notes, all instruments) is raised proportionally, it will still "sound" in tune.

Try this...play a 33 1/3 RPM record at its proper speed. Now, speed it up to 45 RPM. Sure, it sounds different (higher in pitch, and faster), but doesn't everything still sound "in tune"? That's because everything was shifted proportionally. Indeed, with the pedal steel, you will soon reach a point when the pedaled notes will need to be adjusted, but my experience is that this doesn't happen with such a small (2hz) change.

Peruse the web, and you'll find out that even people with "perfect pitch" cannot discern a difference of less than 30 cents (that's 30%, right Larry? ) in a single note. It's only when notes are compared that the difference becomes obvious. P.O.V. is everything.

Of course...if you wish, you can certainly go ahead and readjust all the pedal pulls so that they suit your requirements and fit your calculations.

I have no problem with that.

Larry Bell
Member

From: Englewood, Florida

posted 28 September 2005 03:47 PM     profile     
Didn't intend for this to turn out to be a shootin' match, DH. Looking back at Bobby's original post, his questions were
1. Will he have to retune pedal stops? and
2. Will the higher pitch cause more string breakage?

Of course it will be in tune if you tune everything else up proportionally.

------------------
Larry Bell - email: larry@larrybell.org - gigs - Home Page
2003 Fessenden S/D-12 8x8, 1969 Emmons S/D-12 6x6, 1984 Sho-Bud S/D-12 7x6, 1971 Dobro, Standel and Peavey Amps


Dan Tyack
Member

From: Seattle, WA USA

posted 28 September 2005 04:40 PM     profile     
quote:
What would be the advantage of tuning to 442 instead of 440?

Well, it's 2 more.

------------------
www.tyack.com

Bobby Lee
Sysop

From: Cloverdale, North California, USA

posted 28 September 2005 05:07 PM     profile     
Good one, Dan!

Mike, the reason for tuning the band to A=442 Hz is to be in tune with the marimba.

Dan Tyack
Member

From: Seattle, WA USA

posted 28 September 2005 05:11 PM     profile     
(bad english accent on)

y'know sometimes 440 just idn't enough, you just need a little more

(bad english accent off)

I've done this fair amount on gigs. Accordians are notoriously tuned sharp. Tuning flat is much more likely to cause you to retune pedals.

------------------
www.tyack.com

Ron Sodos
Member

From: Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA

posted 29 September 2005 09:34 AM     profile     
From Jeff Newman's chart on the jeffranmusic.com website he has the E's tuned to 442.5 and so on. I have used that chart now for about 2 years and I sound in tune with every band i play with. I think it also depends on where you place your bar based on your ear and the sounds you hear from the other band members. According to Jeff's chart the A is tuned to 439. If you tuned your A to 442 your E's would come up to 445.5. Pretty high up there but if everyone was also tuned up there I thgink it would be ok......?

[This message was edited by Ron Sodos on 29 September 2005 at 09:36 AM.]

Bobby Lee
Sysop

From: Cloverdale, North California, USA

posted 29 September 2005 09:41 AM     profile     
Everyone seems to agree that I don't need to change to lighter gauges, and that my pedals will still be in tune. That's all I wanted to know. My questions have been answered by the experts!

Moderator, please close this topic.

------------------
Bobby Lee (a.k.a. b0b) - email: quasar@b0b.com - gigs - CDs, Open Hearts
Williams D-12 E9, C6add9, Sierra Olympic S-12 (F Diatonic)
Sierra Laptop S-8 (E6add9), Fender Stringmaster D-8 (E13, C6 or A6)   My Blog

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